| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Quinctilia (gens) ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Quinctilia (gens)
The ''gens Quinctilia'', also written ''Quintilia'', was a patrician family at Rome, dating from the earliest period of Roman history, and continuing well into imperial times. Despite its great antiquity, the ''gens'' never attained much historical importance. The only member who obtained the consulship under the Republic was Sextus Quinctilius Varus in 453 BC. The gens produced numerous praetors and other magistrates, but did not obtain the consulship again for over four hundred years.〔''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', William Smith, Editor.〕
==Origin of the gens==
The ''nomen Quinctilius'' is a patronymic surname, based on the ''praenomen Quintus'', meaning "fifth". ''Quinctilius'' is the correct orthography, but ''Quintilius'' is also quite common. The ''gens Quinctia'' is derived from the same praenomen. It was not unusual for multiple nomina to be derived from a common source; the Sabine name ''Pompo'' is the Oscan equivalent of ''Quintus'', and gave rise to the ''gentes Pompilia'' and ''Pomponia''.
According to legend, the Quinctilii predated the founding of Rome. When the brothers Romulus and Remus had restored their grandfather, Numitor, to the throne of Alba Longa, they set out to establish a new city in the hills overlooking the Tiber. They offered up sacrifices in the cave of the Lupercal at the base of the Palatine Hill, which rite became the origin of the religious festival of the Lupercalia. The followers of Romulus were called the ''Quinctilii'' or ''Quinctiliani'', while those of Remus were the ''Fabii'' or ''Fabiani''.
In historic times, the two colleges of priests, known as ''Luperci'', who carried out the sacred rituals of the Lupercalia, were known by these names, suggesting that in the earliest times, the gentes Quinctilia and Fabia superintended these rites as a ''sacrum gentilicum''. Another example of such responsibilities concerned the Pinarii and the Potitii, who maintained the worship of Hercules. Such sacred rites were gradually transferred to the state, or opened to the Roman ''populus;'' a well-known legend attributed the destruction of the Potitii to the abandonment of their religious office. In later times the privilege of the Lupercalia had ceased to be confined to the Fabii and the Quinctilii.〔Publius Ovidius Naso, ''Fasti'', ii. 361 ''et seq.'', 375 ''et seq.''.〕〔Sextus Aurelius Victor, ''De Origo Gentis Romanae'' (attributed), 22.〕〔Plutarchus, ''Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans'', "Romulus", 22, "Caesar", 61.〕〔Valerius Maximus, ''Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium libri IX'', ii. 2. § 9.〕〔Marcus Tullius Cicero, ''Philippicae'', ii. 34, xiii. 15, ''Pro Caelio'', 26.〕〔Sextus Aurelius Propertius, ''Elegies'', iv. 26.〕〔Sextus Pompeius Festus, epitome of Marcus Verrius Flaccus ''De Verborum Significatu, s. vv. Quinctiliani Luperci, Fabiani.''〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Quinctilia (gens)」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|